Kakovost pridelkov glede na sestavo rastlinskih metabolitov (Slovene)

The formation of resistant starch (RS) and the rate of starch hydrolysis were evaluated in vitro in pea genotypes RRRbRb BC3 (with 32.7% amylose content), RRrbrb BC3 (with 23.3%; amylose content), and rrRbRb BC3 (with 65.1% amylose content). The set of lines was near isogenic, except for the genes at the r and rb loci. The amylose/amylopectin ratio was an important determinant of the rate of starch hydrolysis. The hydrolysis indices (HI) and predicted glycemic indices (GI) were lowest in the rrRbRb BC3, as compared to the RRrbrb BC3 peas. In buckwheat groats (cv. Darja) samples treated with three autoclaving/cooling cycles there was significantly (P<0.001) more apparent and true amylose in the starch in comparison to the native sample or to samples autoclaved once. This may be due to gradual cleavage of some glycosidic bonds of starch, resulting in shorter linear chains, which could be then more predisposed both to forming amylose-like helices and more complex aggregates. Content of total starch (TS), rapidly digested starch (RDS), slowly digested starch (SDS), resistant starch (RS) and retrograded starch (RS3), apparent amylose and total amylose were studied in raw (uncooked) and in hydrothermally treated buckwheat groats. Hydrothermally treated buckwheat samples contained 4.0 - 4.3% of retrograded starch (dmb). This means that about 5.5% of the TS present in the samples appeared as RS3. There was a good correlation between the retrograded starch by the in vitro method and the undigested starch in vivo in rats (r= 0.91, P< 0.01). Buckwheat groats starch with a reduced rate of digestion could be a possible complement to or substitute of common carbohydrate sources.